La censura como un impedimento ante la libertad de expresión. La revolución de las “Ideas” a partir de la dramaturgia de Henrik Ibsen

Authors

  • Víctor Ivan López Espíritu Santo Greengates School, México City Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37130/fzw8qe21

Keywords:

Henrik Ibsen, Censorship, Expression, Ideas, George Bernard Shaw, Human, “Be yourself”

Abstract

The present article aims to analyse the historical level and the repercussion of the ideas that the theatre of the Norwegia n author Henrik Ibsen had, observing the censorship that took place at various times from the publication and performance of the works to the present day. Since the 19th century, Ibsen’s theatre has been questioned, many times silenced because it is a theatre with prolific ideas, of liberation, emancipation, empathy and which seeks to give meaning to the human being from a psychological point of view. This has doubtlessly caused conflicts of interest, although the importance of his theatre and the legacy inherited by this playwright and thinker remain very important to our contemporaneity.

Author Biography

  • Víctor Ivan López Espíritu Santo, Greengates School, México City

    Mexican PhD student Víctor Iván López Espíritu Santo is an actor and acting teacher. He graduated from the National University of Theatre and Cinematography in UNATC, in Bucharest, Romania with a BA in acting, where he also completed a MA in performing arts with a specialty in acting styles. Currently he is about to finish his PhD studies in the same academic university. In 2011 he obtained a scholarship to study in Romania, he made professional theatre studies and participated in various professional theatre plays and theatre tours throughout the country, he also directed several theatrical performances in Mexico. In addition to being an actor, he has collaborated as a cultural manager in festivals and in various cultural agencies, such as the Finnish embassy in Bucharest or the Sibiu International Theatre Festival. His work as a teacher determined him to teach courses or workshops for schools and companies, giving classes in theatre, acting, Spanish language and culture, humanities or Social Sciences, both in Mexico, Romania or Spain, at various academic and school levels, working with children, adolescents and adults. He has a great interest in creating, gestating, promoting and above all in teaching, theatre, humanities and culture.

References

Archer, William (1928) Ibsen, Henrik, Collected Works of Henrik Ibsen. New York: Scribner’s. pp. 22-35.

Banu, George, Tonitza-Iordache, Mihaela (1975) Arta Teatrului. Bucureşti: Editura Enciclopedică Română.

Bernard Shaw, George (2013) La quintaesencia del ibsenismo. Tr. Miguel Ángel Martínez-Cabeza. Madrid: Ediciones Cinca, CERMI.

Beţiu, Mihaela (2018) Elemente de analiză a procesului scenic. Bucureşti: UNATC Press.

Cojar, Ion (1998) O poetică a artei actorului. București: UNITEXT & Paideia.

Darie, Bogdana (2015) Curs de arta actorului. Improvizația. Bucureşti: UNATC Press.

Drimba, Ovidiu (1996) ’Studiu introductiv’ la ediţia Ibsen, Henrik. Teatru. În trei volume. București: EPL.

Dumitriu, Corneliu (2016) Caietele Ibsen după Ibsen. Bucureşti: UNATC Press

Grovas Hajj, Víctor (2008) Ibsen a la mexicana. Querétaro, México: Ed. Fontamara.

Grovas Hajj, Víctor (2011) Peer Gynt ante otras pirámides. Querétaro, México: Ed. Fontamara.

Grovas Hajj, Víctor (2017) Breve historia de la formación teatral en México. Querétaro, México: Ed. Fontamara.

Harari, Yuval Noah (2018) 21 lecciones para el Siglo XXI. Barcelona: Ed. Debate.

Ibsen, Henrik (1954) Teatro Completo. Traducción y notas de Else Wasteson, completada por M. Winaerts y Germán Gómez de la Mata, revisión y prólogo de Germán Gómez de la Mata. Madrid: Ed. Aguilar.

Ibsen, Henrik (2015) Un enemigo del pueblo. Mexico: Editorial Porrua. Act. V.

Ibsen, Henrik (2019) Teatro (1877-1890). Traducción de Cristina Gómez B. Madrid: Ed. Nordica.

Layton, William (2016) ¿Por qué? Trampolin del actor. Madrid: Ed. Fundamentos.

Meyer, Michael (1974) Ibsen. London: Ed. Penguin.

Ostermeier, Thomas (2016) Teatrul și frica. Bucureşti: Ed. Nemira.

Spolin, Viola (2014) Improvizație pentru teatru. Trad. Mihaela Bețiu. Bucureşti: UNATC Press.

Stanislavski, Konstantin (2013) El trabajo del actor sobre sí mismo. México: Ed. Grupo Editorial Tomo.

Stanislavski, Konstantin (2013) Mi vida en el Arte. Madrid: Ed. Alianza.

Stanislavski, Konstantin (2014) Manual del actor. México: Ed. Grupo Editorial Tomo.

Torres Garza, Elsa Elia (2010) Kierkegaard dramaturgo, el teatro y las mujeres. Una lectura kierkergaardiana en la dramaturgia de Henrik Ibsen. Tesis de posgrado en filosofia. Facultad de Filosofia y Letras, UNAM. Ciudad de México.

Vartic, Ion (1995) Ibsen și „teatrul invizibil”. București: Editura Didactică și Pedagogică.

Voinescu, Alice (1983) ’Henrik Ibsen’, în antologia Întâlniri cu eroi din literatură şi teatru. Bucureşti: Ed. Eminescu.

Amnistía Internacional (2021) Libertad de expresión [Online]. Available at: https://www.amnesty.org/es/ what-we-do/freedom-of-expression/ (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Grovas Hajj, Víctor (2013) Un Ibsen desconocido [Online]. Available at: https://www.jornada.com. mx/2013/08/11/sem-victor.html (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Naciones Unidas (2018) Artículo 19: libertad de opinión y expresión [Online]. Available at: https://news.un.org/ es/story/2018/11/1447331 (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Naciones Unidas (2021) La Declaración Universal de Derechos Humanos [Online]. Available at: https://www. un.org/es/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

NY Times (2018) Ibsen Play Is Canceled in China After Audience Criticizes Government [Online]. Available at: https://www.nytimes.com/2018/09/13/world/asia/china-ibsen-play.html (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Organización Nacional de los Derechos Humanos de México (2021) Libertad de expresión [Online]. Available at: https://www.cndh.org.mx/derechos-humanos/libertad-de-expresion (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Schaubühne Theater Berlin (2021) Henrik Ibsen [Online]. Available at: https://www.schaubuehne.de/de/ personen/henrik-ibsen.html (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Vidales, Raquel (2018) Las mejores adaptaciones de Ibsen en el teatro y el cine [Online]. Available at: https:// elpais.com/elpais/2019/10/23/album/1571864454_245336.html (Accesed: 28 April 2021)

Downloads

Published

2021-06-10

Issue

Vol. 22 No. 1 (2021): Art, Culture and Censorship

Section

Articles

How to Cite

López Espíritu Santo, V. I. (2021). La censura como un impedimento ante la libertad de expresión. La revolución de las “Ideas” a partir de la dramaturgia de Henrik Ibsen. CONCEPT, 22(1), 144-157. https://doi.org/10.37130/fzw8qe21