Τhe Adventurous Reception of Galatea Kazantzakis in the Interwar Period

Authors

  • Varvara Georgopoulou University of the Peloponnese Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37130/9zm74514

Keywords:

Galatea Kazantzakis, dramaturgy, Avant-garde, ideology, reception, interwar period, criticism, female presence, female writing, performance

Abstract

The article refers to the particularly hostile reception by the intellectual community of the time of two plays by Galatea Kazantzakis. The writer was an important female presence in Greek literature in the first half of the 20th century, a key representative of the leftist ideology and the first wife of the acclaimed author Nikos Kazantzakis. These plays, having been influenced by the pioneering European currents of the time, proposing new ways of thinking and writing and above all promoting the female presence and action, experienced a reaction unprecedented in the annals of the intellectual life of the time. The rich dialogue caused by their performance, and indeed by While the Ship Sails of the newly founded National Theatre (1932), illuminates in various ways the theatrical and more generally the artistic and intellectual reality of the time, enriching with valuable material the history of ideas in the interwar period.

Author Biography

  • Varvara Georgopoulou, University of the Peloponnese

    Professor Emerita Varvara Georgopoulou studied at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Athens, where she received degrees in the Department of History and Archeology and in the Theatre Studies Department. Her master’s thesis topic was Theatrical Criticism in Athens in the Interwar Period. She worked as a scholar in Secondary Education, taught in the Theatre Studies Department of the School of Arts, University of the Peloponnese. She has published over fifty articles and studies in journals and collective volumes and participated in international conferences both in Greece and abroad. Published books: Theatrical Criticism in Athens During the Interwar period (vol. A, B; 2008, 2009, Athens: Egokeros Edition), The Theatre in Kefallinia, 1900-1953 (2010, Athens: Company Cephalonica Studies), Females routes. Galatea Kazantzaki and the theatre (2012, Athens: Εgokeros), History and Ideology in the Mirrors of Dionysus. Essays on Modern Greek Theatre (1920-1950) (2016, Parazisis), The Story of a «Legend». Helen Ourani and Theatre Criticism (1915-1971) (2019, Sideris), Theatrical Criticism in Athens During the Interwar Period (Vol. Γ΄, 2022, Egokeros).

References

Anip., (1933) «Το Θέατρο» [Translated title: «The Theatre»], Νέοι Πρωτοπόροι, τχ. 12, σ. 454.

Barlas, T. (6.11.1932) «Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει» [Translated title: «While the Ship Sails»], Πολιτεία.

Bastias, K. (10.11.1932) «Η πνευματική Ιταλία. Με τον Νταβαντζάτι δια τα προβλήματα του θεάτρου», [Translated title: «Spiritual Italy. With Davanjati for the Problems of the Theatre», Πρωία.

Bastias, K. (12.8.1925) «Εις το περιθώριον. Τα πληγωμένα πουλιά» [Translated title: «On the Margins. The Wounded Birds»], Δημοκρατία.

Bastias, K. (1999) «Γαλάτεια Καζαντζάκη» [Translated title: «Galatea Kazantzakis»], Φιλολογικοί περίπατοι, Αθήνα: Καστανιώτης.

D.Α.Κ (Kapetanakis), (1933) «Το θέατρο στο 1932» [Translated title: «The Theatre in 1932»], Νέα Ζωή, σ. 73.

Dounia, Christ. (1999) Λογοτεχνία και πολιτική. Τα περιοδικά της Αριστεράς στο Μεσοπόλεμο [Translated title: Literature and Politics. The Magazines of the Left in the Interwar Period], Αθήνα: Καστανιώτης.

Elefántis, Áng. (1979) Η επαγγελία της αδύνατης επανάστασης, [Translated title: The Promise of the Impossible Revolution], K.K.E kai astismós ston Mesopólemo, Athína: Themélio].

Georgopoulou, V., (2008, 2009, 2022) Η θεατρική κριτική στην Αθήνα του Μεσοπολέμου [Translated title: The Athenian Theatre Review of Mesopolemo], τόμ. Α ́ &; Β ́ Γ ́. Αθήνα: Αιγόκερως.

Georgopoulou, V., (2011) Γυναικείες διαδρομές. Η Γαλάτεια Καζαντζάκη και το θέατρο [Translated title: Women’s Routes. Galatea Kazantzakis and the Theatre], Αθήνα: Αιγόκερως.

Grimon – C. Musil, (χ.χ) «Λενορμάν» [Translated title: «Lenorman»], Παγκόσμιο Λεξικό έργων, Αθήνα: Spiritus Mundi.

Haris, P., (13.11.1932) Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει [Translated title: «While the Ship Sails»], Εργασία, σ. 1448.

Horn, P. (15.8.1925) «Τα Πληγωμένα πουλιά» [Translated title: «Wounded Birds»], Ελεύθερον Βήμα.

Kalogerikos, P. (12.8.1925) «Τα Πληγωμένα πουλιά. Θέατρον ‘’Αθήναιον”», [Translated title: «The Wounded Birds. “Athenion” Theatre»], Ελεύθερος Τύπος.

Kastrinaki Ag., (1997) «Γαλάτεια Καζαντζάκη», Η παλαιότερη πεζογραφία μας. Από τις αρχές της ως τον Πρώτο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο, [Translated title: «Galatea Kazantzakis», Our Oldest Prose. From Its Beginnings to the First World War], Αθήνα: Σοκόλης, σ. 422-446.

Kazantzakis, G. (1925) Γύρω από το θέατρο [Translated title: Around Theatre], Αθήνα: Τυπογραφικά καταστήματα Ακροπόλεως.

Kazantzakis, G. (1959) Αυλαία [Translated title: Curtain], Αθήνα: Δίφρος.

Kazantzakis, G. (7.11.1932) «Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει, μερικές εξηγήσεις για το έργο», [Translated title: «While the Ship Sails, Some Explanations of the Project»], Πρωία.

Kazantzakis, G. (letter) (9.8.1925) «Τα πληγωμένα πουλιά, Φυγή από την ηθογραφία», [Translated title: «The Wounded Birds, Escape from Ethnography»], Ελεύθερον Βήμα.

Mavroides-Papadakis, S. (1933) «Το Θέατρο. Ένα Έργο της Καζαντζάκη» [Translated title: «The Theatre. A Work of Kazantzakis»], Ρυθμός, σ. 110-111.

Melas, Sp. (1960) Πενήντα χρόνια θέατρο [Translated title: Fifty Years of Theatre], Αθήναι: Φέξης.

O’Neill, Eugene, (χ.χ.) Ο μαλλιαρός πίθηκος, [Translated title: The Hairy Ape], μτφ. Στάθης Σπηλιωτόπουλος, Αθήνα: Γκοβόστης.

Petrakou, Kyr.–Mosmoutis, Dion. (2008) Ο Σταθάτειος θεατρικός διαγωνισμός της Εταιρείας Ελλήνων Θεατρικών Συγγραφέων, [Translated title: The Stathatios Theatre Competition of the Society of Greek Playwrights], Παράβασις-Μελετήματα, (6), Τμήμα Θεατρικών Σπουδών Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, Αθήνα: Ergo.

Politis, F., (12.8.1925) «Πληγωμένα πουλιά» [Translated title: «Wounded Birds»], Πολιτεία.

Puchner, W. (1995), Ο Παλαμάς και το θέατρο [Translated title: Palamas and the Theatre], Αθήνα: Καστανιώτης.

Rhodes, Mich. (3.11.1932): «Εθνικόν Θέατρον. Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει, της κ. Γαλάτειας Καζαντζάκη» [Translated title: «National Theatre. While the Ship Sails, Ms. Galateas Kazantzakis»], Ελεύθερον Βήμα.

Theta, P. (6.11.1932) «Το αστικό θέατρο. Ενώ το πλοίο ταξιδεύει» [Translated title: «The Urban Theatre. While the Ship Sails»], Ριζοσπάστης.

Thrylos, A., (1977) Το Ελληνικό Θέατρο, τόμ. Α ́ (1927-1933) & Β ́ (1934-1940), [Translated title: The Greek Theatre, vol. Α (1927-1933) & Β (1934-1940)], Αθήνα: Ακαδημία Αθηνών, Ίδρυμα Κώστα και Ελένης Ουράνη.

Xenopoulos, Gr. (1931), «Ο Σταθάτειος, Γρ. Ξενόπουλος: Νέα ΕστίαStathatios» [Translated title: «Gr. Xenopoulos: New Home»], vol. 9, σ. 319-320.

“Red”, (Kokkinakis) (10.11.1932) «Εις το Εθνικόν. Ενώ το Πλοίον ταξιδεύει» [Translated title: «In Ethnikon. While the Ship Sails»] της κ. Γαλάτειας Καζαντζάκη», Ακρόπολις.

“The Corsair”, (11.8.1925) «Θέατρον Τέχνης. Τα πληγωμένα πουλιά» [Translated title: «Art Theatre. The Wounded Birds»], Αθηναϊκή.

“The Theatrical” (2.11.1932) «Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει. Η χθεσινή πρώτη του Εθνικού θεάτρου» [Translated title: «While the Ship Sails. Yesterday’s Premiere of The National Theatre»], Βραδυνή.

“The Theatrical” (3.11.1932) «Εις το Εθνικόν. Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει» [Translated title: «In Ethnikon. While the Ship Sails»,] της κ. Γαλατείας Καζαντζάκη», Ελεύθερος Άνθρωπος.

“Θ.Ν.Τ.”, (3.11.1932) Ενώ το πλοίον ταξιδεύει [Translated title: While the Ship Sails], Ελεύθερος Άνθρωπος.

Fyta, A. (2021) Galatea Kazantzaki (Alexiou) (1884–1962): a Modernist Greek au- thor’s decadent poetics. Feminist Modernist Studies, 4(2), 271–294. Available at: https://doi.org/10.1080/24692921.2021.1903286 Accessed at: 3 October 2024.

O’Neill, The Hairy Ape, Scene I, Available at: https://www.sparknotes.com/drama/hairyape/full-text/scene-i/ Accessed at: 12 November 2024.

Downloads

Published

2024-12-18

How to Cite

Georgopoulou, V. (2024). Τhe Adventurous Reception of Galatea Kazantzakis in the Interwar Period. CONCEPT, 29(2), 31-47. https://doi.org/10.37130/9zm74514